Rules of Chess - CHESS DENTIST .com

</> ======================================================= Chess RULES:

Rules of chess - Wikipedia Glossary of chess - Wikipedia

</> ==================================================== Chess NOTATION:

Chess notation - Wikipedia

Algebraic notation (chess) - Wikipedia

King

Queen

Rook = Castle

Bishop

Knight

No symbol = P

Pawn

Pawn = name of the square it occupies: e5, d4, a5 – not pe5, pd4, pa5.

Algebraic Notation Special Symbols

Captures

0-0

Kingside castle / Castling

0-0-0

Queenside castle / Castling

Promotes to Queen

Check

# = ++

Checkmate = Resignation

1-0

White wins

0-1

Black wins

1/2-1/2

Draw = Stalemate

Amazing / Excellent move

Good move

Interesting move

Dubious / Questionable move

Poor / Bad move

Terrible Blunder

</> ========================================== Chess Pieces Relative Value:

Piece

Value

Relative Value of every single piece:

Pawn

P = 1 point

Army ants

Knight

N = 3 points

3.0 pts

Steeplechase zigzag of the equestrian

Bishop

B = 3 points

3.5 pts

Spiritual diagonals

Rook = Castle

R = 5 points

Militaristic marching

Queen

Q = 9 points

Powerful figure behind the King's Façade

King

K = Game Over

Draw

Can never even unwittingly be in Check

R = N+2P = B+2P

= 5 points

Q + N > Q + B

= 12 points

2R > Q < 2N+B < 2B+N

= 10 > 9 < 9 < 9 points

2B > 2N

= 7 > 6 points

2N+B > 2B+N

= 9 points

B+R > N+R

= 8.5 > 8 points

B vs R > N vs R

= 3.5 vs 5 > 3 vs 5 points

B vs Ps > N vs Ps

= 3.5 vs 2& > 3 vs 2& points

B+Ps vs R > N+Ps vs B

= 3.5 + 2& vs 5 > 3 + 2& vs 3 points

R > with more pieces Exchanged

N < with more pieces Exchanged

K: Openings to be Protected. Middle Game = Defensive. Endgame = Offensive.

Chess piece relative value - Wikipedia

chess-playing program: value of 3 for the Knight and 3.4 for the Bishop.

Hans Berliner's system World Correspondence Chess Champion Hans Berliner:

Queen = 8.8 Rook = 5.1 Bishop = 3.33 Knight = 3.2 Pawn = 1

GM Larry Kaufman suggests the following values in the middlegame:

Piece

Value

3 ¹⁄₂

5 ¹⁄₄

bishop pair is worth 7 ¹⁄₂, half a pawn more than the individual values of its constituent bishops combined. Positions: Pawns near the edges are worth less than those near the centre, Pawns close to promotion are worth far more, pieces controlling the centre are worth more than average, trapped pieces (such as bad Bishops) are worth less.

</> =========================================== Chess Pieces MOVEMENTS:

K = King

moves exactly one square horizontally, vertically or diagonally. 1by1 => 8 Squares /64.

Q = Queen

moves any number of vacant squares in a horizontal, vertical or diagonal direction. Bishop, Rook nor Queen may not move over any intervening pieces. 8by7, 6by5 => 64 Squares /64.

R = Rook = Castle

= KR + QR. moves horizontally or vertically, through any number of unoccupied squares. 8by8 => 64 Squares /64.

B = Bishop

= KB + QB. moves any number of vacant squares in any diagonal direction. 8by7, 6by5 => 32 Squares /64.

N = Knight

= KN + QN. moves to the nearest square not on the same rank, file or diagonal. (moving two squares horizontally then one square vertically, or moving one square horizontally then two squares vertically—i.e. in an “L” pattern.) The Knight is not blocked by other pieces: it jumps to the new location. => 8 Squares /64.

P = Pawns

Pawn moves straight forward one square, if that square is vacant. If it has not yet made its first move, Pawn has option of moving two squares straight forward, provided both squares are vacant. Pawns cannot move backwards. => 1 or 2 Squares. have the most complex rules of movement: => 1 (or2) Squares /64.

Queening a Pawn

8th Rank, usually becoming a Queen.

Special chess moves:

e.p.

en Passant Capture

"in Passing". Optional, not mandatory move. Immediate capture, or the right to take is lost / option is lost forever. Pawn attacking a square crossed by an opponent’s pawn which has advanced two squares in one move from its original square may capture this opponent’s pawn as though the latter had been moved only one square.

(cx:) Doubled Pawns, or unsupported Pawn Position.

En passant - Wikipedia

</> ===================================================== Chess CASTLING:

0-0

<#1> Kingside Castle = Castling on the Kingside

0-0-0

<#2> Queenside Castle = Castling on the Queenside

White or Black can Castle only once per game.

King and either Rook of the same colour along the player’s first rank, counting as a single move of the King: the King is transferred from its original square two squares towards the Rook on its original square, then that Rook is transferred to the square the King has just crossed.

Castling to be legal, the King nor Rook must not have been moved previously. Nor, can they move through Check. Nor any pieces between the two pieces. Or, not at all.

ix: Protect the King into a safe position. Make Rook more Active.

</> =================================================== Chess PROMOTION:

<x> Promoted Pawn

Pawns can only move forward, (can’t move backwards)

Pawns capture Diagonally / sideways

Pawn (black/white) @ last rank, can promote into Q R B N queen, rook, bishop, or knight

white the last rank is the 8th rank, black it is the 1st rank

later stages, pawn promotions determine the outcomes of games

<cx:> Underpromoting to a bishop = rarest chess rule:

must be the rarest move in chess. We can easily think of some famous examples of rook promotions (such as the brilliant Saavedra study), and by comparison knight underpromotions happen every day - just think of this opening trap in the Albin Countergambit.

</> ======================================================= Chess RULES:

<x> 5th Row Rule

When a pawn has advanced to the fifth row on the board and an opposing pawn moves out two spaces in an adjacent column, the first pawn can then declare an "en passant" capture and move diagonally behind the opposing pawn. The captured pawn is then removed as if captured normally.

<x> Zugzwang

compulsion to move. Must move, but all moves are bad / disadvantageous.

<x> Threefold-Repetition Rule

if a position arises three times in a game, either player can claim a draw during that position. On Chess.com, this draw happens automatically on the third repetition. One thing to remember is that the repeated positions do not need to be in a row.

<x> 40/90, SD/30+30

40/90, SD/30+30: Time limit per player is 40 moves in the first 90 minutes (the first "time control"), then the rest of the game in an additional 30 minutes (plus whatever unused time the players may have remaining from the first time control), with a 30 second increment on each move of the whole game.

<x> 40 Move Rule

Common time control used in slow games is that each player must play 40 moves in less than 120 minutes. The rule says that if a player does not succeed to play all his 40 moves before this period of time, he looses the game.

Must I capture when I can?

No. Capture is not obligatory in chess. (There is one case where one must capture: when your king is in check and the only way to lift the check is to capture. In all other cases, the player can decide whether or not to capture.)

From <https://www.chessvariants.com/d.chess/faq.html>

<x> =================================================== Chess ETIQUETTE:

<x> Touching Pieces = Touch Move Rule

( ) Tourneys: Must move the first piece you pick up.

( ) May Pick up a piece, return it to its original square, then pick up a different piece.

( ) Hand removed from a piece -> Move is Completed.

when it's your turn, and you happen to touch your piece, then it must be moved (if it can be moved). If the opponent's piece is touched by then you should capture it (if it can be captured).

<x> ======================================================= Chess CHECK:

<x> Check must always be Announced

<x> Not move into Check

<x> Getting Out of Check

(1) Capture the Attacking Piece

(2) Move my Piece between Attacker & my King

(3) Move King out of Attack / Check

(4) Not 1, 2, 3, => Checkmate

<x> ================================================== Chess CHECKMATE:

<x> Checkmate = Game Over

<x> 50 Moves Rule

( ) Anytime, Player Demands Opponent to Mate me within 50 Moves

( ) Piece Exchanged, or Pawn Advanced, the Counting must begin afresh

<x> =========================================== Chess DRAW = STALEMATE:

<x> Draw

(1) Both players agree on a draw.

(2) Both players have traded enough pieces so that it is impossible for either player to checkmate the other.

(3) Either player can declare a draw if the same position is reached three times.

(4) Either player can declare a draw if 50 chess moves (50 white and 50 black) have been made and not a single pawn move or a piece has been captured.

(5) It is one’s player turn to move, and while he is not in check, he does not have any legal moves. This is called stalemate

<cx:> ============================================= Chess RULES ERRORS:

<x> =================================================== GIVEAWAY CHESS:

<x> Giveaway Chess, Suicide Chess, Killer Chess, Losing chess, Antichess, the Losing Game, Must-kill, Take-all Chess, Capture Chess, Losums is the most popular chess variants.

(x) Phil Seelig

most popular chess variants. Objective is to lose all of their pieces or be stalemated, misère version. Win by checkmating, or by being Checkmated.

Capturing is compulsory. If more than one capture is available, player may choose.

King has no royal power: may be captured as any other piece.

No check. No checkmate. King may expose itself to capture. No castling.

Pawn may also promote to a King.

Stalemate is a win for the stalemated player (the player with no legal moves).

Player wins by being unable to make a move (which includes having no remaining pieces on the board). Apart from move repetition, draw by agreement, and the fifty-move rule. Drawn when neither player can win (for example, when the only pieces remaining are bishops of opposite colors). Played in the 1870s. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Losing_chess>

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